Cornwallis sent Tarleton and his men on a lightning raid against the Virginia Patriot government at Charlottesville, Virginia. [60] As the war ground on, an increasing number of blacks did indeed fight as Loyalist irregulars, or with the regular British forces.

[51] This was the last of the major Loyalist raids in the North. There were many Loyalists on Long Island and in New York City; the city was sometimes called "Torytown". [1] Many people with close business connections to Britain who lived in coastal towns remained loyal. [42] But British power in the South continued to decline. It was a failure. (Others went to the Eastern Townships in Quebec.) The black soldiers were often housed in crowded, disease-ridden conditions. Burgoyne's plan called for the British Lieutenant Colonel Barry St. Leger, commanding a force of eighteen hundred, to capture the Patriot Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) at the head of the Mohawk Valley. It was all over very quickly. Son of a wealthy family, Brown had in the summer of 1775 been confronted by a group of Patriots who demanded that he swear allegiance to the revolutionary cause. In Virginia, Colonel Tye joined Dunmore's regiment.

Marinus Willett's son said that Butler "had exhibited more instances of enterprise, had done more injury, and committed more murder, than any other man on the frontiers."

One historian has said, "The proclamation had a profound effect on the war, transforming countless slaveholders into Rebels and drawing thousands of slaves to the Loyalist side.

Those who were in Loyalist combat units, and non-combatant Loyalist families who had very visibly aided the British cause, and/or were unshakably loyal to Britain, mostly left. Tarleton's cavalry was present. But the Augusta garrison was commanded by Thomas "Burntfoot" Brown of Georgia, a resourceful man. The Patriot forces were eventually driven from the field. Five of their leaders were hanged for treason.[26]. Colonel Edmund Fanning of the King's Americans dissuaded Tryon from burning Yale College and the town (Fanning was a Yale graduate). They were assisted by a Georgia Loyalist named Thomas Brown. [47], William Franklin was the Loyalist son of Benjamin Franklin, and the former royal governor of New Jersey. [86] The numbers of those who left, and who stayed away, are debatable. Judging Augusta indefensible, Brown drove Clarke's men back by artillery fire, and the Loyalists then forced their way by bayonet right through the Patriot force, to the top of nearby Garden Hill. The treaty said, in article 7, that the British were to leave the United States "without ... carrying away any Negroes". The Canadian novel The Book of Negroes, by Lawrence Hill, depicts an enslaved black woman who helps the British and escapes with their help. The British besieged the fort. [53], Throughout the war, the British repeatedly offered freedom to those slaves who would join their side. Since the loyalists lost the war, there aren't as many famous loyalists as there are patriots. Refusing, Brown shot and wounded the Patriot leader.

"[19], Now Loyalists and Indians swept through the Mohawk Valley in "endless raids". Two), pp. Tryon's force went on to sack and burn the nearby town of Fairfield, then the town of Norwalk. There were blacks in the Royal Artillery units in Savannah, and black dragoons (cavalry). The pro-Loyalist tradition in Canada has been summed up by an American historian: "Many Canadians believe that their nation's traditional devotion to law and civility, the very essence of being a Canadian, traces back to being loyal, as in Loyalist." "Nothing more likely," said Daggett, who was promptly bayoneted. Their mission was to seize supplies. On March 15, 1781, the British won a victory at Guilford Court House, North Carolina. Many saw action too. Over three hundred Patriots were killed or wounded, an almost incredible percentage of those engaged.

After the battle, the Loyalists retreated and left the Patriots in possession of the field. Since the loyalists lost the war, there aren't as many famous loyalists as there are patriots.

One is Washington and Caesar by Christian Cameron, which tells the story of a black Loyalist fighting in the British forces. Another important Loyalist force had been nearly destroyed.

Those who had fought for, or supported, the King sometimes rejected the new republic.

When the war ended, the question arose as to what would happen to the Loyalists.

Ferguson, inventor of a breech-loading rifle, found himself in a situation where his Loyalists were armed with muskets, and the Patriots with rifles, whose range was greater. After the Revolution, Loyalists and their descendants, prudently, rarely drew attention to themselves. At about the same time, John Graves Simcoe and his Loyalist Rangers moved against the Patriot commander von Steuben, who was guarding Patriot supplies. The Loyalists ran into massed Patriot fire, and then were taken on their flank by an expertly timed Patriot cavalry charge. The British general Guy Carleton, impressed by the ambush at Oriskany, authorized John Butler to raise eight more companies of Loyalist Rangers, "to serve with the Indians, as occasion shall require". [78], Eventually, nearly three thousand ex-slaves were evacuated by Carleton to Nova Scotia. One hundred and eighty-five Patriot attackers were killed or wounded. By the time of the Civil War, American popular hostility to the Loyalists was fading, to be replaced by a vague memory of a few malcontents who for some reason could not accept the Revolution. During the early part of his Virginia campaign, Cornwallis used the Loyalist cavalry as his "eyes."

The fort was manned by the Loyalist Royal Fencible Americans. [52] It has been suggested that two revolutions went on at once—the Patriot one against the British, and a second one fought by blacks for their freedom. Over twenty-five hundred Continental regulars and huge supplies of Patriot weapons and ammunition were lost.

A British officer asked him if he would fire on them again if his life was spared. The key difference between patriots and loyalists is the fact that the first were striving for liberty and independence from British domination while the latter were happy with British rule and believed that a unified empire was a strong empire. Benedict Arnold was a general in the Continental Army who went to fight for the British. This unit had been formed by the British general Henry Clinton, in North Carolina, from slaves responding to Dunmore's proclamation. The aim was to capture the House of Burgesses, and the Governor, Thomas Jefferson. Ferguson was killed. Others escaped to British Florida.

These men became part of an ongoing civil war in New Jersey and New York.

The British besieged Charleston in an arduous campaign.

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