Civilization & Science The most famous monarchies were those in the states of Macedonia and Epeiros, where the ruler shared power with an assembly, limited though these were in practice. The three powerful cities emerge. Other sources which discuss politics and government include Aristotle’s Politics and the historical works of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Xenophon. For the Greeks (or more particularly the Athenians) any system which excluded power from the whole citizen-body and was not a tyranny or monarchy was described as an oligarchy. Cartwright, Mark. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. Culture in the Cyclades is increasingly influenced by the Mycenaean civilization of mainland Greece . Surviving, though, are over 150 political speeches and 20,000 inscriptions which include 500 decrees and 10 laws. Click here for our comprehensive article on the Greeks.
The Peloponnesian wars between Athens and Sparta. Syracuse in Sicily had a run of famous tyrants, for example, Dionysios from 405 BCE and his son Dionysios II, who took over in 367 BCE. 463 BCE: Pericles leads a prosecution of Cimon on charges of corruption but he is acquitted. Mycenaean Thebes at its peak of prosperity and influence. To navigate the timeline, click and drag it with your mouse, or click on the timeline overview on the bottom.

In the Greek world monarchies were rare and were often only distinguishable from a tyranny when the hereditary ruler was more benevolent and ruled in the genuine interest of his people.

States & Territories This article is part of our larger resource on the Greeks culture, society, economics, and warfare.

For many crimes the punishment was death. Oligarchy. Importantly, positions of power often required not only free time but also financial layout to fund municipal projects such as shipbuilding and festivals. Bronze Age Greece was inhabited by the Mycenaean people. These governments were called monarchy, oligarchy, tyranny, or democracy. 471 BCE: The general and statesman Themistocles is voted in an ostracism and exiled from Athens. Philosophy & Religion In Athens, the board of ten elected generals, known as the strategoi, could influence the agenda of the assembly and so prioritise their own causes. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Government/. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri.

War(fare) & Battles. The Trojan war between the Greeks and the Trojans (inhabitants of Troy) began, The Trojan war ended when the Greeks used a wooden horse to invade and overrun the Trojan city of Troy. © HistoryOnTheNet 2000-2019. Alexander conquered the Persians and declared himself King of Persia.

Cities & Buildings Civilization & Science Aristotle, philosopher, mathematician, student of Plato, tutor of Alexander died in Euboea.

There was in Athens (and also Elis, Tegea, and Thasos) a smaller body, the boulē, which decided or prioritised the topics which were discussed in the assembly.

The philosopher Plato, student of Socrates, founded the Academy in Athens. Speaker's Platform, Athens Assembly, Pynx, Athensby Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA). Legend: Ancient History Encyclopedia, 20 Mar 2018. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE.

The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Battle of Marathon. In Athens the law was devised and enforced by magistrates (archai). Arts & Culture

The four most common systems of Greek government were: Our knowledge of the political systems in the ancient Greek world comes from a wide range of sources. Similar in function to the boulē was the council of elders (selected men over 60), the gerousia, of Sparta, which also had the two Spartan kings as members and had certain legal powers.

The mathematician and engineer, Archimedes, was assassinated in Syracuse.

The Boeotian federation has a minimum property requirement for participation in the democratic assembly. This timeline describes the evolution of government in Ancient Greece. Oligarchies were perhaps the most common form of city-state government and they often occurred when democracy went wrong.


The Greek alphabet was developed from the Phoenician alphabet.

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