[9] Like other pythons, the Halmahera python will swallow its victims whole or defeat larger prey through constriction. This snake is also unique in that the adult snake has the same pattern as it did in adolescence; there is little to no change in design as the Halmahera python develops. ", O'Shea, Mark. [3], David G. Barker, a herpetologist and avid python collector, suspected that the high level of variety of Indonesian pythons indicated the presence of multiple species.

The species is found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Australia. The Halmahera python is marked by a distinct scale pattern; there have never been any patternless specimens observed. However, if a stripe is pure black it will remain black despite any other color changes. [3][4], The species Morelia tracyae was named for David G. Barker's wife, Tracy M. Barker, who is also a herpetologist specialized in pythons. Specimens have reportedly been measured at more than 8.5 m (27.9 ft) in total length, but this is exceptional, as 5 m (16.4 ft) specimens are already considered large. [9], The only clutches obtained in captivity are part of a Conservation Program, so information regarding their reproduction, clutch size, and development are extremely limited.
Simalia tracyae, the Halmahera python, is a species of python found only on the Indonesian island of Halmahera. In its molecular sequencing, Morelia tracyae showed a 6-7% divergence in from all other scrub pythons in the surrounding area. "Creationism and Contrived Science: A Review of Recent Python Systematics Papers and the Resolution of Issues of Taxonomy and Nomenclature. According to local collectors, the Halmahera python feeds on fruit bats and presumably other small mammals and birds. [2], The Halmahera python changes color over a short period of time; however, scientists are unable to determine what circumstances cause the color change. tracyae. Though no newly hatched Halmahera pythons have been observed, Barker and Harvey of the 2000 python study “would predict that hatchlings are very dark reddish-brown in color.” [2], Though scrub pythons in general are found above the ground in canopies, locals of Halmahera have most often encountered Simalia tracyae crawling on the ground. "Systematics of Pythons of the, Hoser, Raymond. Until recently, Morelia tracyae was considered to be part of the species Morelia amesthistina. As is typical for very large constricting snakes, almost no verified specimens of this species have exceeded 6 m (19.7 ft). However, more recent scientific studies have indicated Morelia amesthistina's lack of mobility between habitats, leading to the realization that this type of snake is "more prone to speciation than other pythons."

In addition to the dorsal stripes, a well-defined postocular stripe and one to two thick black stripes around the neck are often present.

[2], The Halmhera python has been recognized by the scientific community as a separate species since Barker and Harvey's publication of their data in 2000. [8][9] It is described as “heavy-bodied,” [2] and more closely resembles the boa than any other species of python. The stripes are 4-11 dorsal scales in length, and are separated by 3-7 dorsal scale lengths. Simalia tracyae is also marked by two or three pairs of enlarged parietal scales on either side of its head.

", Schleip, Wulf.

One way to distinguish the sex of a Halmahera python is by noticing the snout: females have a somewhat shorter snout, which leads to the appearance of having a wider head. The stripes could be dark brown, charcoal-brown, brownish black, charcoal, or black at the dark end of the color continuum and become a medium greenish brown or medium reddish brown as the python shifts to the lighter end of the continuum. Simalia tracyae has evolved as a separate species because of its secluded location on Halmahera. The Halmahera python is recognized by its distinct red irises, as compared to the typical brown or gold irises of other closely related species. "Boas and Pythons of the World. "Vertebrate carnivores and predation in the Oriental (Indomalayan) region. There are anywhere from 48-56 dark brown or black bands on the body, with the stripes reaching their darkest point on the snake's back and lighter towards the sides. The Halmahera python is unusual because of the pattern's consistency across the species, with very little variation. Harvey, Michael. Dec 2, 2014 - Explore moh-nature pics' photos on Flickr. [10] There have also been reports by natives of Halmahera pythons carrying off large numbers of domestic chickens. Simalia tracyae is only found in the northwestern area of Halmahera, Indonesia. [2] However, more recent scientific studies have indicated Morelia amesthistina's lack of mobility between habitats, leading to the realization that this type of snake is "more prone to speciation than other pythons." Until recently, Morelia tracyae was considered to be part of the species Morelia amesthistina. Other facial features include its rounded snout, black tongue, and pale blueish grey oral mucosa. moh-nature pics has uploaded 12 photos to Flickr. [10] However, this species certainly has the ability to travel through the trees as it is often found near fruit bat roosts.[8]. Another huge female, in a report co… ", "A review of the systematics and taxonomy of Pythonidae: an ancient serpent lineage", Corlett, Richard.

The resultant conclusions of this study led to the identification of three new species: M. clastolepis, M. nauta, and M.

This week we get Steven Kush on to talk about some of his favorite scrub species! These colors could change to be a greenish-straw, grey-tan, yellowish-tan, or tan on the lighter end of the spectrum. However, in 1990, while conducting a herpetological survey, Tom Mendelson collected a wild female specimen on Biak Island, far Eastern Indonesia, which measured 22 feet 7 inches. [8] This snake is non-venomous. "Pythons of the World:Australia. Specimens have been seen as far south as Jailolo and have been sighted near Galela and Tobelo in the north. This snake was previously believed to have belonged to the Simalia amesthistina species; however, studies in recent years have caused scientists to distinguish between the two types of snakes, resulting in the reclassification of the Halmahera python as its own species. [2], This python's main habitat is the evergreen rainforest of northern Halmahera, where it moves equally comfortable on the ground and in the trees. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). In general, scrub pythons do not tend to do well in captivity, due in part to their reputation for biting, and have been described as “heat-seeking guided missiles tipped with teeth.” [11], Harvey, D. Barker, Ammerman & Chippindale, 2000. Simalia tracyae is a large species of python, and can range anywhere from 2.5 to 4 m (8.2 to 13.1 ft) in length.
Previously, the scientific community believed that this species, despite the large varieties in appearance and wide range of habitat, was thought simply to have "exceptional dispersal abilities." At the darker end of the color spectrum, Simalia tracyae could be medium brown, orangish-brown, or russet.

", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simalia_tracyae&oldid=976327932, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 September 2020, at 10:43. Previously, the scientific community believed that this species, despite the large varieties in appearance and wide range of habitat, was thought simply to have "exceptional dispersal abilities." It belongs to the family Pythonidae and the genus Simalia. By examining both live specimens and museum specimens, these scientists observed morphological differences and phylogenetically analyzed the snakes' molecular DNA sequences. [2][5], In 2014, a phylogenetic analysis of Pythonidae based on a combined analysis of eight nuclear DNA loci and three mitochondrial DNA regions concluded the Halmahera python belonged in genus Simalia with six other species.[6][7].

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